小引 Preface

我常想在紛擾中尋出一點閒靜來，然而委實不容易。I have often thought to seek out a bit of quiet leisure amid the turmoil, but it is truly not easy.目前是這麼離奇，心裏是這麼蕪雜。The present is so bizarre, and my heart is so tangled and confused.一個人做到只剩了囘憶的時候，生涯大概總要算是無聊了罷，但有時竟會連囘憶也沒有。When a person is reduced to having nothing left but memories, his life must on the whole be reckoned tedious indeed — yet sometimes he cannot even manage that much, and is left without even memories.中國的做文章有軌範，世事也仍然是螺旋。In China, the writing of essays has its set rules, and the affairs of the world likewise still move in spirals.前幾天我離開中山大學的時候，便想起四個月以前的離開廈門大學；A few days ago, when I left Zhongshan University, I recalled leaving Xiamen University four months before;聽到飛機在頭上鳴叫，竟記得了一年前在北京城上日日旋繞的飛機。hearing the drone of airplanes overhead, I even remembered the planes that circled day after day over the city of Beijing a year ago.我那時還做了一篇短文，叫做《一覺》。At that time I even wrote a short essay called 'A Moment of Awakening.'現在是，連這「一覺」也沒有了。Now, even that 'moment of awakening' is gone.

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

常

Cháng — surname Chang (HSK 1)

想

xiǎng — 1. to think (about) 2. to think of; to devise 3. to think (that); to believe (that) 4. to desire; to want (to) 5. to miss (feel wistful about the absence of) (HSK 1)

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

紛擾

fēn rǎo — 1. turmoil 2. unrest 3. disturbance

中

Zhōng — 1. (bound form) China; Chinese 2. surname Zhong (HSK 1)

尋出

xún chū — 1. to find out 2. to search out 3. to uncover 4. to discover

一點

yī diǎn — 1. a bit; a little bit 2. (used in negative expressions) (not) the least bit 3. (after an adjective, used to form the comparative) a bit more, -er 4. a point (in a discussion etc) 5. (calligraphy) dot stroke (、) 6. one o'clock (abbr. for 一點鍾 (yī diǎn zhōng))

閒

jiān — variant of 間 (jiān) (HSK 5)

靜

jìng — 1. still 2. calm 3. quiet 4. not moving (HSK 3)

來

lái — 1. to come 2. (used as a substitute for a more specific verb) 3. hither (directional complement for motion toward the speaker, as in 回來 (huí lai)) 4. ever since (as in 自古以來 (zì gǔ yǐ lái)) 5. for the past (amount of time) 6. (prefix) the coming ...; the next ... (as in 來世 (lái shì)) 7. (between two verbs) in order to 8. (after a round number) approximately 9. (used after 得 (dé) to indicate possibility, as in 談得來 (tán de lái), or after 不 (bù) to indicate impossibility, as in 吃不來 (chī bu lái)) (HSK 1)

然而

rán ér — however; but; yet (HSK 4)

委實

wěi shí — 1. indeed 2. really (very much so)

不容

bù róng — 1. must not 2. cannot 3. to not allow 4. cannot tolerate (HSK 7-9)

易

Yì — 1. surname Yi 2. I Ching; Book of Changes (abbr. for 易經 (Yì jīng))

目前

mù qián — 1. at the present time 2. currently (HSK 3)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

這麼

zhè me — 1. so much 2. this much 3. how much? 4. this way 5. like this (HSK 2)

離奇

lí qí — odd; bizarre (HSK 7-9)

心

xīn — 1. heart 2. mind 3. intention 4. center 5. core 6. classifier: 顆 (kē), 個 (gè) (HSK 3)

裏

lǐ — variant of 裡 (lǐ) (HSK 1)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

這麼

zhè me — 1. so much 2. this much 3. how much? 4. this way 5. like this (HSK 2)

蕪雜

wú zá — 1. miscellaneous 2. mixed and disorderly (of writing) 3. disordered and confusing 4. mixed-up and illogical

一個人

yī gè rén — 1. by oneself (without assistance) 2. alone (without company)

做到

zuò dào — 1. to accomplish 2. to achieve (HSK 2)

只

zhī — variant of 隻 (zhī) (HSK 2)

剩

shèng — 1. to remain 2. to be left 3. to have as remainder (HSK 5)

了

le — 1. (completed action marker) 2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) 3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) (HSK 1)

囘

huí — variant of 回 (huí)

憶

yì — 1. to recollect 2. to remember 3. memory

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

時候

shí hou — 1. time 2. length of time 3. moment 4. period (HSK 1)

生涯

shēng yá — 1. career 2. life (way in which sb lives) 3. period of one's life (HSK 7-9)

大概

dà gài — 1. roughly 2. probably 3. rough 4. approximate 5. about 6. general idea (HSK 3)

總要

zǒng yào — nevertheless

算是

suàn shì — 1. considered to be 2. at last (HSK 6)

無聊

wú liáo — 1. bored 2. boring 3. senseless (HSK 4)

了

le — 1. (completed action marker) 2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) 3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) (HSK 1)

罷

bà — 1. to stop 2. to cease 3. to dismiss 4. to suspend 5. to quit 6. to finish

但

dàn — 1. but; yet; however; still 2. merely; only; just (HSK 2)

有時

yǒu shí — 1. sometimes 2. now and then (HSK 1)

竟

jìng — 1. unexpectedly 2. actually 3. to go so far as to 4. indeed (HSK 7-9)

會

huì — 1. can; to have the skill; to know how to 2. to be likely to; to be sure to 3. to meet; to get together 4. meeting; gathering 5. (suffix) union; group; association 6. (bound form) a moment (Taiwan pr. (huǐ)) (HSK 1)

連

Lián — surname Lian (HSK 3)

囘

huí — variant of 回 (huí)

憶

yì — 1. to recollect 2. to remember 3. memory

也

Yě — surname Ye (HSK 1)

沒有

méi yǒu — 1. haven't 2. hasn't 3. doesn't exist 4. to not have 5. to not be (HSK 1)

中國

Zhōng guó — China (HSK 1)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

做文章

zuò wén zhāng — 1. to make an issue of sth 2. to fuss 3. to make a song and dance

有軌

yǒu guǐ — tracked (tramcar)

範

fàn — 1. pattern 2. model 3. example

世事

shì shì — 1. affairs of life 2. things of the world

也

Yě — surname Ye (HSK 1)

仍然

réng rán — still; as before; yet (HSK 3)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

螺旋

luó xuán — 1. spiral 2. helix 3. screw

前幾天

qián jǐ tiān — 1. a few days ago 2. a few days before 3. the past few days 4. the previous few days

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

離開

lí kāi — to depart; to leave (HSK 2)

中山大學

Zhōng shān Dà xué — 1. Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou) 2. Sun Yat-sen University (Kaohsiung) 3. Sun Yat-sen University (Moscow), founded in 1925 as training ground for Chinese communists

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

時候

shí hou — 1. time 2. length of time 3. moment 4. period (HSK 1)

便

biàn — 1. plain 2. informal 3. suitable 4. convenient 5. opportune 6. to urinate or defecate 7. equivalent to 就 (jiù): then 8. in that case 9. even if 10. soon afterwards (HSK 6)

想起

xiǎng qǐ — 1. to recall 2. to think of 3. to call to mind (HSK 2)

四

sì — 1. four 2. 4 (HSK 1)

個

gě — used in 自個兒 (zì gě r) (HSK 1)

月

yuè — 1. moon 2. month 3. monthly 4. classifier: 個 (gè), 輪 (lún) (HSK 1)

以前

yǐ qián — 1. before 2. formerly 3. previous 4. ago (HSK 2)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

離開

lí kāi — to depart; to leave (HSK 2)

廈門大學

Xià mén Dà xué — Xiamen University

聽到

tīng dào — to hear (HSK 1)

飛機

fēi jī — 1. airplane 2. classifier: 架 (jià) (HSK 1)

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

頭上

tóu shàng — 1. overhead 2. above

鳴叫

míng jiào — 1. to emit a sound 2. (of birds, insects etc) to chirp, hoot etc 3. (of a siren, steam whistle etc) to sound

竟

jìng — 1. unexpectedly 2. actually 3. to go so far as to 4. indeed (HSK 7-9)

記得

jì de — to remember (HSK 1)

了

le — 1. (completed action marker) 2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) 3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) (HSK 1)

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

年前

nián qián — 1. by the end of the year 2. at the end of the year; shortly before New Year (HSK 5)

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

北京

Běi jīng — Beijing municipality, capital of the People's Republic of China (short name 京 (Jīng)) (HSK 1)

城

chéng — 1. city walls 2. city 3. town 4. classifier: 座 (zuò), 道 (dào), 個 (gè) (HSK 3)

上

shǎng — used in 上聲 (shǎng shēng) (HSK 1)

日日

rì rì — every day

旋繞

xuán rào — to curl up; to wind around

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

飛機

fēi jī — 1. airplane 2. classifier: 架 (jià) (HSK 1)

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

那時

nà shí — 1. then 2. at that time 3. in those days (HSK 2)

還

Huán — surname Huan (HSK 1)

做

zuò — 1. to make; to produce 2. to write; to compose 3. to do; to engage in; to hold (a party etc) 4. (of a person) to be (an intermediary, a good student etc); to become (husband and wife, friends etc) 5. (of a thing) to serve as; to be used for 6. to assume (an air or manner) (HSK 1)

了

le — 1. (completed action marker) 2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) 3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) (HSK 1)

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

篇

piān — 1. sheet 2. piece of writing 3. bound set of bamboo slips used for record keeping (old) 4. classifier for written items: chapter, article (HSK 2)

短文

duǎn wén — short piece; article; short essay

叫做

jiào zuò — to be called; to be known as

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

覺

jiào — 1. a nap 2. a sleep 3. classifier: 場 (cháng) (HSK 6)

現在

xiàn zài — now; at present; currently (HSK 1)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

連

Lián — surname Lian (HSK 3)

這

zhè — 1. (pronoun) this; these 2. (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun) 3. (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. (zhèi), esp. in Beijing) (HSK 1)

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

覺

jiào — 1. a nap 2. a sleep 3. classifier: 場 (cháng) (HSK 6)

也

Yě — surname Ye (HSK 1)

沒有

méi yǒu — 1. haven't 2. hasn't 3. doesn't exist 4. to not have 5. to not be (HSK 1)

了

le — 1. (completed action marker) 2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) 3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) (HSK 1)

我常想在纷扰中寻出一点闲静来，然而委实不容易。目前是这么离奇，心里是这么芜杂。一个人做到只剩了囘忆的时候，生涯大概总要算是无聊了罢，但有时竟会连囘忆也没有。中国的做文章有轨范，世事也仍然是螺旋。前几天我离开中山大学的时候，便想起四个月以前的离开厦门大学；听到飞机在头上鸣叫，竟记得了一年前在北京城上日日旋绕的飞机。我那时还做了一篇短文，叫做《一觉》。现在是，连这「一觉」也没有了。

廣州的天氣熱得眞早，夕陽從西窗射入，逼得人只能勉强穿一件單衣。The weather in Guangzhou turns hot remarkably early; the setting sun shines in through the west window, forcing one to make do with wearing only a single unlined garment.書桌上的一盆「水橫枝」，是我先前沒有見過的：就是一段樹，只要浸在水中，枝葉便青蔥得可愛。On my desk is a pot of 'water-soaked twig,' something I had never seen before: it is simply a length of branch that, so long as it is kept soaked in water, puts forth leaves lush and green and lovely.看看綠葉，編編舊稿，總算也在做一點事。Looking at its green leaves, compiling my old drafts — this at least counts as doing something.做着這等事，眞是雖生之日，猶死之年，很可以驅除炎熱的。Occupied with such things, truly, though it be a day among the living, it feels like a year among the dead — and this is quite effective at driving off the summer heat.

廣州

Guǎng zhōu — see 廣州市 (Guǎng zhōu Shì)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

天氣

tiān qì — weather (HSK 1)

熱

rè — 1. to warm up 2. to heat up 3. hot (of weather) 4. heat 5. fervent (HSK 1)

得

dé — 1. to obtain 2. to get 3. to gain 4. to catch (a disease) 5. proper 6. suitable 7. proud 8. contented 9. to allow 10. to permit 11. ready 12. finished (HSK 2)

眞

zhēn — variant of 真 (zhēn)

早

zǎo — 1. early 2. morning 3. Good morning! 4. long ago 5. prematurely (HSK 1)

夕陽

xī yáng — 1. sunset 2. the setting sun

從

Cóng — surname Cong (HSK 1)

西

Xī — 1. the West 2. abbr. for Spain 西班牙 (Xī bān yá) 3. Spanish (HSK 1)

窗

chuāng — 1. window 2. classifier: 扇 (shàn)

射

shè — 1. to shoot 2. to launch 3. to allude to 4. radio- (chemistry) (HSK 5)

入

rù — 1. to enter; to go into 2. to join; to become a member of 3. (bound form) to conform to (as in 入時 (rù shí)) 4. abbr. for 入聲 (rù shēng) 5. (on product packaging, after {number n} + {classifier}) containing (n pieces) (from Japanese 入 "iri") (HSK 6)

逼

bī — 1. to force (sb to do sth) 2. to compel 3. to press for 4. to extort 5. to press on towards 6. to press up to 7. to close in on 8. euphemistic variant of 屄 (bī) (HSK 6)

得

dé — 1. to obtain 2. to get 3. to gain 4. to catch (a disease) 5. proper 6. suitable 7. proud 8. contented 9. to allow 10. to permit 11. ready 12. finished (HSK 2)

人

rén — 1. person; people 2. classifier: 個 (gè), 位 (wèi), 名 (míng) (HSK 1)

只能

zhǐ néng — 1. can only 2. obliged to do sth 3. to have no other choice (HSK 2)

勉强

miǎn qiǎng — 1. to do with difficulty 2. to force sb to do sth 3. reluctant 4. barely enough (HSK 7-9)

穿

chuān — 1. to bore through; to pierce; to perforate 2. to go through (e.g. a tunnel); to cross (e.g. a street) 3. to thread; to string together 4. to wear; to put on (clothes, shoes etc.) 5. verb complement indicating thoroughness or completion (HSK 1)

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

件

jiàn — 1. item 2. component 3. classifier for events, things, clothes etc (HSK 2)

單衣

dān yī — unlined garment

書桌

shū zhuō — 1. desk 2. classifier: 張 (zhāng) (HSK 5)

上

shǎng — used in 上聲 (shǎng shēng) (HSK 1)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

盆

pén — 1. basin 2. flower pot 3. unit of volume equal to 12 斗 (dǒu) and 8 升 (shēng), approx 128 liters 4. classifier: 個 (gè) (HSK 5)

水橫枝

shuǐ héng zhī — cape jasmine (Gardenia jasminoides), esp. grown as bonsai

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

先前

xiān qián — before; previously (HSK 5)

沒有

méi yǒu — 1. haven't 2. hasn't 3. doesn't exist 4. to not have 5. to not be (HSK 1)

見

jiàn — 1. to see 2. to meet 3. to appear (to be sth) 4. to interview 5. opinion 6. view (HSK 1)

過

Guō — surname Guo (HSK 1)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

就是

jiù shì — 1. exactly; precisely 2. only; simply; just 3. (used correlatively with 也 (yě)) even; even if (HSK 3)

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

段

Duàn — surname Duan (HSK 2)

樹

shù — 1. tree 2. classifier: 棵 (kē) 3. to cultivate 4. to set up (HSK 1)

只要

zhǐ yào — so long as; provided; if (HSK 2)

浸

jìn — 1. to immerse 2. to soak 3. to steep 4. gradually

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

水

Shuǐ — 1. surname Shui 2. Shui ethnic group (HSK 1)

中

Zhōng — 1. (bound form) China; Chinese 2. surname Zhong (HSK 1)

枝葉

zhī yè — branch and leaf

便

biàn — 1. plain 2. informal 3. suitable 4. convenient 5. opportune 6. to urinate or defecate 7. equivalent to 就 (jiù): then 8. in that case 9. even if 10. soon afterwards (HSK 6)

青蔥

qīng cōng — 1. scallion 2. green onion 3. verdant 4. lush green

得

dé — 1. to obtain 2. to get 3. to gain 4. to catch (a disease) 5. proper 6. suitable 7. proud 8. contented 9. to allow 10. to permit 11. ready 12. finished (HSK 2)

可愛

kě ài — 1. adorable 2. cute 3. lovely (HSK 2)

看看

kàn kan — 1. to take a look at 2. to examine 3. to survey 4. (coll.) pretty soon

綠葉

lǜ yè — 1. green leaf 2. (fig.) actor playing a supporting role

編

biān — 1. to weave 2. to plait 3. to organize 4. to group 5. to arrange 6. to edit 7. to compile 8. to write 9. to compose 10. to fabricate 11. to make up (HSK 4)

編

biān — 1. to weave 2. to plait 3. to organize 4. to group 5. to arrange 6. to edit 7. to compile 8. to write 9. to compose 10. to fabricate 11. to make up (HSK 4)

舊

jiù — 1. old 2. opposite: new 新 3. former 4. worn (with age) (HSK 3)

稿

gǎo — 1. manuscript 2. draft 3. stalk of grain

總算

zǒng suàn — 1. at long last 2. finally 3. on the whole (HSK 5)

也

Yě — surname Ye (HSK 1)

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

做

zuò — 1. to make; to produce 2. to write; to compose 3. to do; to engage in; to hold (a party etc) 4. (of a person) to be (an intermediary, a good student etc); to become (husband and wife, friends etc) 5. (of a thing) to serve as; to be used for 6. to assume (an air or manner) (HSK 1)

一點

yī diǎn — 1. a bit; a little bit 2. (used in negative expressions) (not) the least bit 3. (after an adjective, used to form the comparative) a bit more, -er 4. a point (in a discussion etc) 5. (calligraphy) dot stroke (、) 6. one o'clock (abbr. for 一點鍾 (yī diǎn zhōng))

事

shì — 1. matter 2. thing 3. item 4. work 5. affair 6. classifier: 件 (jiàn), 樁 (zhuāng), 回 (huí) (HSK 1)

做

zuò — 1. to make; to produce 2. to write; to compose 3. to do; to engage in; to hold (a party etc) 4. (of a person) to be (an intermediary, a good student etc); to become (husband and wife, friends etc) 5. (of a thing) to serve as; to be used for 6. to assume (an air or manner) (HSK 1)

着

zhāo — variant of 著 (zhāo) (HSK 1)

這

zhè — 1. (pronoun) this; these 2. (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun) 3. (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. (zhèi), esp. in Beijing) (HSK 1)

等

děng — 1. to wait for; to await 2. by the time; when; till 3. and so on; etc.; et al. 4. (bound form) class; rank; grade 5. (bound form) equal to; same as 6. (used to end an enumeration) 7. (literary) (plural suffix attached to a personal pronoun or noun) (HSK 1)

事

shì — 1. matter 2. thing 3. item 4. work 5. affair 6. classifier: 件 (jiàn), 樁 (zhuāng), 回 (huí) (HSK 1)

眞

zhēn — variant of 真 (zhēn)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

雖

suī — 1. although 2. even though (HSK 6)

生

shēng — 1. to grow; to give birth; to produce; to be born 2. to arise; to occur 3. to light (a fire) 4. to live; to be alive 5. life 6. raw; uncooked; unprocessed 7. unfamiliar; strange 8. (bound form) student; person engaged in a field 9. (bound form) male role in traditional opera 10. (bound form) life; lifetime 11. (bound form) means of livelihood 12. (bound form) very; intensely (as in 生疼 (shēng téng)) 13. (bound form) in a forced manner (as in 生拉硬拽 (shēng lā yìng zhuài)) (HSK 2)

之

zhī — 1. (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的 (de)) 2. him 3. her 4. it (HSK 7-9)

日

rì — 1. (bound form) sun 2. day 3. day of the month 4. (bound form) Japan (abbr. for 日本 (Rì běn)) 5. (vulgar) to fuck; to have sex with (HSK 1)

猶

yóu — 1. as if 2. (just) like 3. just as 4. still 5. yet

死

sǐ — 1. to die 2. impassable 3. uncrossable 4. inflexible 5. rigid 6. extremely 7. damned (HSK 3)

之

zhī — 1. (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的 (de)) 2. him 3. her 4. it (HSK 7-9)

年

Nián — surname Nian (HSK 1)

很

hěn — 1. very; quite 2. (also, often used before an adjective without intensifying its meaning, i.e. as a meaningless syntactic element) (HSK 1)

可以

kě yǐ — 1. can 2. may 3. possible 4. able to 5. not bad 6. pretty good (HSK 2)

驅除

qū chú — 1. to drive off 2. to dispel 3. to expel

炎熱

yán rè — 1. blistering hot 2. sizzling hot (weather) (HSK 7-9)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

广州的天气热得真早，夕阳从西窗射入，逼得人只能勉强穿一件单衣。书桌上的一盆「水横枝」，是我先前没有见过的：就是一段树，只要浸在水中，枝叶便青葱得可爱。看看绿叶，编编旧稿，总算也在做一点事。做着这等事，真是虽生之日，犹死之年，很可以驱除炎热的。

前天，已將《野草》編定了；The day before yesterday, I finished compiling Wild Grass;這囘便輪到陸續載在《莽原》上的《舊事重提》，我還替他改了一個名稱：《朝華夕拾》。this time it is the turn of 'Old Events Retold,' which had been serialized bit by bit in Mangyuan — and I have even given it a new title: Dawn Blossoms Plucked at Dusk.帶露折花，色香自然要好得多，但是我不能够。To pluck flowers while the dew is still on them naturally gives far better color and fragrance, but that I am unable to do.便是現在心目中的離奇和蕪雜，我也還不能使他即刻幻化，轉成離奇和蕪雜的文章。Even the bizarreness and tangled confusion presently in my mind, I still cannot make transform at once into essays that are themselves bizarre and tangled and confused.或者，他日仰看流雲時，會在我的眼前一閃爍罷。Perhaps, some other day, as I gaze up at the drifting clouds, it will flash once before my eyes.

前天

qián tiān — the day before yesterday (HSK 1)

已

yǐ — 1. already 2. to stop 3. then 4. afterwards (HSK 3)

將

jiāng — 1. will 2. shall 3. to use 4. to take 5. to checkmate 6. just a short while ago 7. (introduces object of main verb, used in the same way as 把 (bǎ)) (HSK 5)

野草

yě cǎo — 1. weeds 2. mistress or prostitute (old)

編

biān — 1. to weave 2. to plait 3. to organize 4. to group 5. to arrange 6. to edit 7. to compile 8. to write 9. to compose 10. to fabricate 11. to make up (HSK 4)

定

dìng — 1. to fix; to set; to make definite 2. to subscribe to (a newspaper etc); to book (tickets etc); to order (goods etc) 3. to congeal; to coagulate 4. (literary) definitely (HSK 4)

了

le — 1. (completed action marker) 2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) 3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) (HSK 1)

這

zhè — 1. (pronoun) this; these 2. (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun) 3. (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. (zhèi), esp. in Beijing) (HSK 1)

囘

huí — variant of 回 (huí)

便

biàn — 1. plain 2. informal 3. suitable 4. convenient 5. opportune 6. to urinate or defecate 7. equivalent to 就 (jiù): then 8. in that case 9. even if 10. soon afterwards (HSK 6)

輪到

lún dào — to be (sb's or sth's) turn

陸續

lù xù — 1. in turn 2. successively 3. one after the other 4. bit by bit (HSK 4)

載

zǎi — 1. to record in writing 2. to carry (i.e. publish in a newspaper etc) 3. Taiwan pr. (zài) 4. year

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

莽

mǎng — 1. (bound form) dense growth of grass 2. (literary) vast; boundless 3. (bound form) boorish; reckless

原

Yuán — 1. surname Yuan 2. (Japanese surname) Hara (HSK 6)

上

shǎng — used in 上聲 (shǎng shēng) (HSK 1)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

舊事

jiù shì — 1. old affair 2. former matter

重提

chóng tí — to raise the same topic

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

還

Huán — surname Huan (HSK 1)

替

tì — 1. to substitute for 2. to take the place of 3. to replace 4. for 5. on behalf of 6. to stand in for (HSK 4)

他

tā — 1. (third-person singular) (since the early 20th century, usu. male) he; him; his 2. (bound form) other; another; some other (as in 他日 (tā rì) and 他人 (tā rén)) (HSK 1)

改

gǎi — 1. to change 2. to alter 3. to transform 4. to correct (HSK 2)

了

le — 1. (completed action marker) 2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) 3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) (HSK 1)

一個

yī ge — 1. a; an; one 2. the whole (afternoon, summer vacation etc)

名稱

míng chēng — 1. name (of a thing) 2. name (of an organization) (HSK 2)

朝

Cháo — abbr. for 朝鮮 (Cháo xiǎn) Korea (HSK 3)

華

Huá — abbr. for China

夕

xī — 1. (bound form) sunset; dusk 2. (bound form) evening; night 3. Taiwan pr. (xì)

拾

shè — to ascend in light steps (HSK 5)

帶露

dài lù — dewy

折

shé — 1. to snap 2. to break (a stick, a bone etc) 3. (bound form) to sustain a loss (in business) (HSK 4)

花

Huā — surname Hua (HSK 1)

色

sè — 1. color 2. classifier: 種 (zhǒng) 3. look 4. appearance 5. sex (HSK 4)

香

xiāng — 1. fragrant 2. sweet smelling 3. aromatic 4. savory or appetizing 5. (to eat) with relish 6. (of sleep) sound 7. perfume or spice 8. joss or incense stick 9. classifier: 根 (gēn) (HSK 3)

自然

zì rán — 1. nature 2. natural 3. naturally (HSK 3)

要好

yào hǎo — 1. to be on good terms 2. to be close friends 3. striving for self-improvement (HSK 6)

得

dé — 1. to obtain 2. to get 3. to gain 4. to catch (a disease) 5. proper 6. suitable 7. proud 8. contented 9. to allow 10. to permit 11. ready 12. finished (HSK 2)

多

duō — 1. many; much; more; a lot of 2. too many; in excess 3. (after a numeral) ... odd 4. how (to what extent) (Taiwan pr. (duó)) 5. (bound form) multi-; poly- (HSK 1)

但是

dàn shì — but; however (HSK 2)

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

不能

bù néng — 1. cannot 2. must not 3. should not

够

gòu — 1. enough (sufficient) 2. enough (too much) 3. (coll.) (before adj.) really 4. (coll.) to reach by stretching out (HSK 2)

便是

biàn shì — 1. (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as stated) 2. precisely 3. exactly 4. even 5. if 6. just like 7. in the same way as (HSK 6)

現在

xiàn zài — now; at present; currently (HSK 1)

心目中

xīn mù zhōng — 1. in one's eyes 2. in one's estimation

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

離奇

lí qí — odd; bizarre (HSK 7-9)

和

Hé — surname He (HSK 1)

蕪雜

wú zá — 1. miscellaneous 2. mixed and disorderly (of writing) 3. disordered and confusing 4. mixed-up and illogical

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

也

Yě — surname Ye (HSK 1)

還

Huán — surname Huan (HSK 1)

不能

bù néng — 1. cannot 2. must not 3. should not

使

shǐ — 1. to make 2. to cause 3. to enable 4. to use 5. to employ 6. to send 7. to instruct sb to do sth 8. envoy 9. messenger (HSK 3)

他

tā — 1. (third-person singular) (since the early 20th century, usu. male) he; him; his 2. (bound form) other; another; some other (as in 他日 (tā rì) and 他人 (tā rén)) (HSK 1)

即刻

jí kè — 1. immediately 2. instant 3. instantly

幻化

huàn huà — 1. to be transformed 2. to metamorphose 3. transformation 4. metamorphosis

轉

zhuǎi — see 轉文 (zhuǎi wén) (HSK 3)

成

Chéng — 1. surname Cheng 2. short name for Chengdu 成都 (Chéng dū) (HSK 2)

離奇

lí qí — odd; bizarre (HSK 7-9)

和

Hé — surname He (HSK 1)

蕪雜

wú zá — 1. miscellaneous 2. mixed and disorderly (of writing) 3. disordered and confusing 4. mixed-up and illogical

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

文章

wén zhāng — 1. article 2. essay 3. literary works 4. writings 5. hidden meaning 6. classifier: 篇 (piān), 段 (duàn), 頁 (yè) (HSK 3)

或者

huò zhě — 1. or 2. possibly; maybe; perhaps (HSK 2)

他日

tā rì — 1. (literary) some day 2. (literary) days in the past

仰

Yǎng — surname Yang (HSK 6)

看

kān — 1. to look after 2. to take care of 3. to watch 4. to guard (HSK 1)

流

liú — 1. to flow 2. to disseminate 3. to circulate or spread 4. to move or drift 5. to degenerate 6. to banish or send into exile 7. stream of water or sth resembling one 8. class, rate or grade (HSK 2)

雲

Yún — 1. surname Yun 2. short name for Yunnan 雲南 (Yún nán) (HSK 2)

時

Shí — surname Shi (HSK 3)

會

huì — 1. can; to have the skill; to know how to 2. to be likely to; to be sure to 3. to meet; to get together 4. meeting; gathering 5. (suffix) union; group; association 6. (bound form) a moment (Taiwan pr. (huǐ)) (HSK 1)

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

眼前

yǎn qián — 1. before one's eyes 2. now 3. at present (HSK 3)

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

閃爍

shǎn shuò — 1. to glisten; to glitter; to twinkle; to flicker 2. to be evasive; to equivocate (HSK 7-9)

罷

bà — 1. to stop 2. to cease 3. to dismiss 4. to suspend 5. to quit 6. to finish

前天，已将《野草》编定了；这囘便轮到陆续载在《莽原》上的《旧事重提》，我还替他改了一个名称：《朝华夕拾》。带露折花，色香自然要好得多，但是我不能够。便是现在心目中的离奇和芜杂，我也还不能使他即刻幻化，转成离奇和芜杂的文章。或者，他日仰看流云时，会在我的眼前一闪烁罢。

我有一時，曾經屢次憶起兒時在故鄉所喫的蔬果：菱角、羅漢豆、茭白、香瓜。There was a time when I repeatedly recalled the vegetables and fruits I ate in my childhood back home: water chestnuts, broad beans, wild rice stems, muskmelons.凡這些，都是極其鮮美可口的；All of these were exceedingly fresh and delicious;都曾是使我思鄉的蠱惑。all of them had once been the enchantment that made me homesick.後來，我在久別之後嘗到了，也不過如此；Later, after a long absence, I tasted them again, and found them no more than ordinary;惟獨在記憶上，還有舊來的意味留存。only in memory does something of their old flavor still remain.他們也許要哄騙我一生，使我時時反顧。They will perhaps go on deceiving me my whole life long, making me look back time and again.

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

有

yǒu — 1. to have; there is 2. (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 有意 (yǒu yì) intentional) (HSK 1)

一時

yī shí — 1. a period of time 2. a while 3. for a short while 4. temporary 5. momentary 6. at the same time (HSK 6)

曾經

céng jīng — 1. once 2. already 3. former 4. previously 5. ever 6. (past tense marker used before verb or clause) (HSK 3)

屢次

lǚ cì — 1. repeatedly 2. time and again (HSK 7-9)

憶

yì — 1. to recollect 2. to remember 3. memory

起

qǐ — 1. to rise 2. to raise 3. to get up 4. to set out 5. to start 6. to appear 7. to launch 8. to initiate (action) 9. to draft 10. to establish 11. to get (from a depot or counter) 12. verb suffix, to start 13. starting from (a time, place, price etc) 14. classifier for occurrences or unpredictable events: case, instance 15. classifier for groups: batch, group (HSK 1)

兒時

ér shí — childhood

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

故鄉

gù xiāng — 1. home 2. homeland 3. native place 4. classifier: 個 (gè) (HSK 3)

所

suǒ — 1. actually 2. place 3. classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions etc 4. that which 5. particle introducing a relative clause or passive 6. classifier: 個 (gè) (HSK 3)

喫

chī — variant of 吃 (chī) (HSK 1)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

蔬果

shū guǒ — vegetables and fruits

菱角

líng jiao — water caltrop (Trapa species), aquatic plant with edible seeds

羅漢豆

luó hàn dòu — broad bean (Vicia faba); fava bean

茭白

jiāo bái — Manchurian wild rice 菰 (gū), aka water bamboo, or its edible stem, which resembles a bamboo shoot

香瓜

xiāng guā — 1. oriental melon (Cucumis melo Makuwa Group) 2. cantaloupe; muskmelon (Cucumis melo)

凡

fán — 1. ordinary 2. commonplace 3. mundane 4. temporal 5. of the material world (as opposed to supernatural or immortal levels) 6. every 7. all 8. whatever 9. altogether 10. gist 11. outline 12. note of Chinese musical scale (HSK 7-9)

這些

zhè xiē — these (HSK 1)

都

Dū — surname Du (HSK 1)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

極其

jí qí — extremely (HSK 4)

鮮美

xiān měi — fresh and delicious; tasty (HSK 7-9)

可口

kě kǒu — tasty; to taste good (HSK 7-9)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

都

Dū — surname Du (HSK 1)

曾

Zēng — surname Zeng (HSK 4)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

使

shǐ — 1. to make 2. to cause 3. to enable 4. to use 5. to employ 6. to send 7. to instruct sb to do sth 8. envoy 9. messenger (HSK 3)

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

思鄉

sī xiāng — to be homesick

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

蠱惑

gǔ huò — 1. to entice 2. to lead astray

後來

hòu lái — 1. afterwards; later 2. newly arrived (HSK 2)

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

久別

jiǔ bié — a long period of separation

之後

zhī hòu — 1. after; behind 2. (at the beginning of a sentence) afterwards; since then (HSK 4)

嘗

cháng — 1. to taste; to try (food) 2. to experience 3. (literary) ever; once (HSK 5)

到了

dào liǎo — 1. at last 2. finally 3. in the end

也

Yě — surname Ye (HSK 1)

不過如此

bù guò rú cǐ — (idiom) nothing more than this; that's all; no big deal; not very impressive

惟獨

wéi dú — variant of 唯獨 (wéi dú)

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

記憶

jì yì — 1. to remember; to recall 2. memory (HSK 5)

上

shǎng — used in 上聲 (shǎng shēng) (HSK 1)

還有

hái yǒu — 1. there still remain(s); there is (or are) still 2. in addition (HSK 1)

舊

jiù — 1. old 2. opposite: new 新 3. former 4. worn (with age) (HSK 3)

來

lái — 1. to come 2. (used as a substitute for a more specific verb) 3. hither (directional complement for motion toward the speaker, as in 回來 (huí lai)) 4. ever since (as in 自古以來 (zì gǔ yǐ lái)) 5. for the past (amount of time) 6. (prefix) the coming ...; the next ... (as in 來世 (lái shì)) 7. (between two verbs) in order to 8. (after a round number) approximately 9. (used after 得 (dé) to indicate possibility, as in 談得來 (tán de lái), or after 不 (bù) to indicate impossibility, as in 吃不來 (chī bu lái)) (HSK 1)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

意味

yì wèi — 1. meaning 2. implication 3. flavor 4. overtone 5. to mean 6. to imply 7. (Tw) to get a sense of

留存

liú cún — 1. to keep 2. to preserve 3. extant 4. to remain (from the past)

他們

tā men — they; them (HSK 1)

也許

yě xǔ — perhaps; maybe (HSK 2)

要

yāo — (bound form) to demand; to coerce (HSK 1)

哄騙

hǒng piàn — 1. to deceive 2. to cheat

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

一生

yī shēng — all one's life; throughout one's life (HSK 2)

使

shǐ — 1. to make 2. to cause 3. to enable 4. to use 5. to employ 6. to send 7. to instruct sb to do sth 8. envoy 9. messenger (HSK 3)

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

時時

shí shí — 1. often 2. constantly (HSK 6)

反顧

fǎn gù — 1. to glance back 2. (fig.) to regret; to have second thoughts about sth

我有一时，曾经屡次忆起儿时在故乡所吃的蔬果：菱角、罗汉豆、茭白、香瓜。凡这些，都是极其鲜美可口的；都曾是使我思乡的蛊惑。后来，我在久别之后尝到了，也不过如此；惟独在记忆上，还有旧来的意味留存。他们也许要哄骗我一生，使我时时反顾。

這十篇就是從記憶中抄出來的，與實際容或有些不同，然而我現在只記得是這樣。These ten pieces are just what I have copied out from memory; they may well differ somewhat from what actually happened, but as it stands, this is all I now remember.文體大概很雜亂，因爲是或作或輟，經了九個月之多。The style is probably rather uneven, since the writing was done fitfully, on and off, over as long as nine months.環境也不一：前兩篇寫于北京寓所的東壁下；The circumstances, too, varied: the first two pieces were written beneath the east wall of my lodgings in Beijing;中三篇是流離中所作，地方是醫院和木匠房；the middle three were written while I was drifting about, in a hospital and in a carpenter's shop;後五篇却在廈門大學的圖書館的樓上，已經是被學者們擠出集團之後了。the last five, however, were written upstairs in the library of Xiamen University, after I had already been squeezed out of the scholars' circle.

這

zhè — 1. (pronoun) this; these 2. (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun) 3. (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. (zhèi), esp. in Beijing) (HSK 1)

十

shí — 1. ten 2. 10 (HSK 1)

篇

piān — 1. sheet 2. piece of writing 3. bound set of bamboo slips used for record keeping (old) 4. classifier for written items: chapter, article (HSK 2)

就是

jiù shì — 1. exactly; precisely 2. only; simply; just 3. (used correlatively with 也 (yě)) even; even if (HSK 3)

從

Cóng — surname Cong (HSK 1)

記憶

jì yì — 1. to remember; to recall 2. memory (HSK 5)

中

Zhōng — 1. (bound form) China; Chinese 2. surname Zhong (HSK 1)

抄

chāo — 1. to make a copy 2. to plagiarize 3. to search and seize 4. to raid 5. to grab 6. to go off with 7. to take a shortcut 8. to make a turning move 9. to fold one's arms (HSK 4)

出來

chū lái — 1. to come out 2. to appear 3. to arise (HSK 1)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

與

yú — variant of 歟 (yú) (HSK 6)

實際

shí jì — 1. reality 2. practice 3. practical 4. realistic 5. real 6. actual (HSK 2)

容或

róng huò — 1. perhaps 2. maybe 3. probably

有些

yǒu xiē — 1. some 2. somewhat; rather; a bit

不同

bù tóng — 1. different 2. distinct 3. not the same 4. not alike (HSK 2)

然而

rán ér — however; but; yet (HSK 4)

我

wǒ — I; me; my (HSK 1)

現在

xiàn zài — now; at present; currently (HSK 1)

只

zhī — variant of 隻 (zhī) (HSK 2)

記得

jì de — to remember (HSK 1)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

這樣

zhè yàng — 1. this way; like this; so 2. (before a noun) this kind of; such (HSK 2)

文體

wén tǐ — 1. genre of writing 2. literary form 3. style 4. literary recreation and sporting activities

大概

dà gài — 1. roughly 2. probably 3. rough 4. approximate 5. about 6. general idea (HSK 3)

很

hěn — 1. very; quite 2. (also, often used before an adjective without intensifying its meaning, i.e. as a meaningless syntactic element) (HSK 1)

雜亂

zá luàn — 1. in a mess 2. in a jumble 3. chaotic

因

yīn — 1. cause 2. reason 3. because (HSK 6)

爲

wéi — variant of 為 (wéi) (HSK 2)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

或

huò — 1. maybe 2. perhaps 3. might 4. possibly 5. or (HSK 2)

作

zuō — 1. (bound form) worker 2. (bound form) workshop 3. (slang) troublesome; high-maintenance (person) (HSK 6)

或

huò — 1. maybe 2. perhaps 3. might 4. possibly 5. or (HSK 2)

輟

chuò — 1. to stop (before completion) 2. to cease 3. to suspend

經

Jīng — surname Jing (HSK 7-9)

了

le — 1. (completed action marker) 2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) 3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) (HSK 1)

九

jiǔ — 1. nine 2. 9 (HSK 1)

個

gě — used in 自個兒 (zì gě r) (HSK 1)

月

yuè — 1. moon 2. month 3. monthly 4. classifier: 個 (gè), 輪 (lún) (HSK 1)

之

zhī — 1. (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的 (de)) 2. him 3. her 4. it (HSK 7-9)

多

duō — 1. many; much; more; a lot of 2. too many; in excess 3. (after a numeral) ... odd 4. how (to what extent) (Taiwan pr. (duó)) 5. (bound form) multi-; poly- (HSK 1)

環境

huán jìng — 1. environment 2. circumstances 3. surroundings 4. classifier: 個 (gè) 5. ambient (HSK 3)

也

Yě — surname Ye (HSK 1)

不一

bù yī — 1. to vary 2. to differ

前

qián — 1. front 2. forward 3. ahead 4. first 5. top (followed by a number) 6. future 7. ago 8. before 9. BC (e.g. 前293年) 10. former 11. formerly (HSK 1)

兩

liǎng — 1. two 2. both 3. some 4. a few 5. tael, unit of weight equal to 50 grams (modern) or 1⁄16 of a catty 斤 (jīn) (old) (HSK 1)

篇

piān — 1. sheet 2. piece of writing 3. bound set of bamboo slips used for record keeping (old) 4. classifier for written items: chapter, article (HSK 2)

寫

xiě — to write (HSK 1)

于

Yú — surname Yu (HSK 6)

北京

Běi jīng — Beijing municipality, capital of the People's Republic of China (short name 京 (Jīng)) (HSK 1)

寓所

yù suǒ — dwelling

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

東

Dōng — surname Dong (HSK 1)

壁

bì — 1. wall 2. rampart

下

xià — 1. down 2. downwards 3. below 4. lower 5. later 6. next (week etc) 7. second (of two parts) 8. to decline 9. to go down 10. to arrive at (a decision, conclusion etc) 11. measure word to show the frequency of an action (HSK 1)

中

Zhōng — 1. (bound form) China; Chinese 2. surname Zhong (HSK 1)

三

Sān — surname San (HSK 1)

篇

piān — 1. sheet 2. piece of writing 3. bound set of bamboo slips used for record keeping (old) 4. classifier for written items: chapter, article (HSK 2)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

流離

liú lí — 1. homeless and miserable 2. forced to leave home and wander from place to place 3. to live as a refugee

中

Zhōng — 1. (bound form) China; Chinese 2. surname Zhong (HSK 1)

所

suǒ — 1. actually 2. place 3. classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions etc 4. that which 5. particle introducing a relative clause or passive 6. classifier: 個 (gè) (HSK 3)

作

zuō — 1. (bound form) worker 2. (bound form) workshop 3. (slang) troublesome; high-maintenance (person) (HSK 6)

地方

dì fāng — 1. region 2. regional (away from the central administration) 3. local (HSK 1)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

醫院

yī yuàn — 1. hospital 2. classifier: 所 (suǒ), 家 (jiā), 座 (zuò) (HSK 1)

和

Hé — surname He (HSK 1)

木匠

mù jiàng — carpenter (HSK 7-9)

房

Fáng — surname Fang

後

hòu — 1. back 2. behind 3. rear 4. afterwards 5. after 6. later 7. post- (HSK 1)

五

wǔ — 1. five 2. 5 (HSK 1)

篇

piān — 1. sheet 2. piece of writing 3. bound set of bamboo slips used for record keeping (old) 4. classifier for written items: chapter, article (HSK 2)

却

què — old variant of 卻 (què) (HSK 4)

在

zài — 1. to exist; to be alive 2. (of sb or sth) to be (located) at 3. (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress) (HSK 1)

廈門大學

Xià mén Dà xué — Xiamen University

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

圖書館

tú shū guǎn — 1. library 2. classifier: 家 (jiā), 個 (gè) (HSK 1)

的

de — 1. of; ~'s (possessive particle) 2. (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) 3. (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) 4. (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 (pí gé de) "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的 (pǎo táng r de) "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 (xīn de) "new one") 5. also pr. (dì) or (di) in poetry and songs (HSK 1)

樓上

lóu shàng — 1. upstairs 2. (Internet slang) previous poster in a forum thread (HSK 1)

已經

yǐ jīng — already (HSK 2)

是

shì — 1. to be (followed by substantives only) 2. correct; right; true 3. (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well 4. (adverb for emphatic assertion) (HSK 1)

被

bèi — 1. quilt 2. to cover (with) 3. (literary) to suffer (a misfortune) 4. used to indicate passive voice (placed before the doer of the action like "by" in English passive-voice sentences, or, if the doer is not mentioned, before the verb) 5. (since c. 2009) (sarcastic or jocular) used to indicate that the following word should be regarded as being in air quotes (as in 被旅遊[bei4 lu : 3 you2] to "go on a trip") (HSK 3)

學者

xué zhě — scholar (HSK 5)

們

men — plural marker for pronouns, and nouns referring to individuals

擠出

jǐ chū — 1. to squeeze out 2. to extrude 3. to drain 4. to find the time 5. to burst out

集團

jí tuán — 1. group 2. bloc 3. corporation 4. conglomerate (HSK 5)

之後

zhī hòu — 1. after; behind 2. (at the beginning of a sentence) afterwards; since then (HSK 4)

了

le — 1. (completed action marker) 2. (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now) 3. (modal particle intensifying preceding clause) (HSK 1)

这十篇就是从记忆中抄出来的，与实际容或有些不同，然而我现在只记得是这样。文体大概很杂乱，因为是或作或辍，经了九个月之多。环境也不一：前两篇写于北京寓所的东壁下；中三篇是流离中所作，地方是医院和木匠房；后五篇却在厦门大学的图书馆的楼上，已经是被学者们挤出集团之后了。

一九二七年五月一日，魯迅于廣州白雲樓記。May 1, 1927, written by Lu Xun at Baiyun Lou, Guangzhou.一作「五月一日，廣州。」Alternately given as: 'May 1, Guangzhou.'

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

九

jiǔ — 1. nine 2. 9 (HSK 1)

二七

Èr qī — see 二七區 (Èr qī Qū)

年

Nián — surname Nian (HSK 1)

五月

Wǔ yuè — 1. May 2. fifth month (of the lunar year)

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

日

rì — 1. (bound form) sun 2. day 3. day of the month 4. (bound form) Japan (abbr. for 日本 (Rì běn)) 5. (vulgar) to fuck; to have sex with (HSK 1)

魯迅

Lǔ Xùn — Lu Xun (1881-1936), one of the earliest and best-known modern Chinese writers

于

Yú — surname Yu (HSK 6)

廣州

Guǎng zhōu — see 廣州市 (Guǎng zhōu Shì)

白雲

Bái yún — see 白雲區 (Bái yún Qū)

樓

Lóu — surname Lou (HSK 1)

記

jì — 1. to record 2. to note 3. to memorize 4. to remember 5. mark 6. sign 7. classifier for blows, kicks, shots (HSK 1)

一作

yī zuò — first author (of an academic paper) (abbr. for 第一作者 (dì yī zuò zhě))

五月

Wǔ yuè — 1. May 2. fifth month (of the lunar year)

一

yī — 1. one 2. single 3. a (article) 4. as soon as 5. entire; whole; all; throughout 6. "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) 7. also pr. (yāo) for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit (HSK 1)

日

rì — 1. (bound form) sun 2. day 3. day of the month 4. (bound form) Japan (abbr. for 日本 (Rì běn)) 5. (vulgar) to fuck; to have sex with (HSK 1)

廣州

Guǎng zhōu — see 廣州市 (Guǎng zhōu Shì)

一九二七年五月一日，鲁迅于广州白云楼记。一作「五月一日，广州。」